Guides

3055

September 25, 2020 11:28:13

Gino and Patho have adventured far and wide for the greatest tips not only on Dominance, but several other subjects - and they're ready to share all they've learned with you!

Hello and welcome to Plague’s quick and easy tutorials!

Since this is a learning push, we all thought it'd be cool to share some useful guides and tips with the community. We're all here to learn something this week!

Table of Contents

Credits
Art by Kydoimos;
Dom and Sheet guide written by Ranmaru;
Profit guides written by holoquest;
BBCode guide written by Amayai;

___________________________________

I am trapped as the strong wind flies
And when the stars won't shine for us
Then what’s to gain?

_

Last edited on Sep 27, 2020 09:47:11 by Ranmaru

[center][url=https://www1.flightrising.com/forums/gde/2913069][color=maroon][b]BACK TO THE START[/b][/color][/url] [size=7][size=7][color=maroon][font=century gothic]How to Dom[/font][/color][/size][/size] [img]https://i.imgur.com/VN5trWe.png[/img][/center] Welcome to Plague’s Learning Push’s easy dom guide! The idea of this guide is to be a [b]quick read of important dominance aspects[/b]; at the end of this section you’ll find links to more extensive and thorough guides if you’d like to read more about dominance. This guide is organized in topics and bullet points for easier reading. [center][img]https://i.imgur.com/YwC2RHx.png[/img][/center] [size=4][font=Bookman Old Style][b]GLOSSARY[/b][/font][/size] [LIST] [*][b]Fodder[/b] - dragons that are meant to be exalted. [*][b]Perma[/b] - short for “permanent”; these are dragons that you’re not willing to exalt, AKA permanent residents of your lair. [*][b]Trainer[/b] - if referring to a [i]dragon[/i]: name given to a lvl 25 dragon with a build focused on training one or two fodder on high level venues. [*][b]IF[/b] - abbreviation of “in-flight”. [*][b]OOF[/b] - abbreviation of “out-of-flight”.[/LIST] [size=4][font=Bookman Old Style][b]WHAT IS DOMINANCE[/b][/font][/size] [list] [*]Dominance is a site mechanic that consists of Flights exalting dragons to server under their respective deities; it’s calculated every Saturday shortly before rollover, tallying the amount of levels exalted by each flight during the week. [*]There are rewards for the [i]first three flights that place in the dominance board[/i]. These rewards last a week. You can check the tally anytime in [url=https://www1.flightrising.com/dominance]this page[/url]. [*]Beastclans appear to place randomly/varying according to other flight’s progress. It’s currently unknown how exactly they operate! If Beastclans place first, second or third, no flight will get [b]that spot’s bonuses[/b], but other flights on the other top three spots will receive bonuses normally! [*]Dom is usually organized by volunteers in each flight, who take the lead in coordinating a flight’s efforts towards dominance. You can always check your flight's dominance discussion boards for details on this. :D [*]It’s safe to say dominance is a community effort! Be sure to check your flight’s dominance boards for more information on your flight’s internal dom working; plus don’t forget that you can always [url=https://goo.gl/forms/Zbl8C6Wj4Vti9Ae82]sign up for Dom Watch[/url] for weekly pings about who is pushing any week.[/list] [size=4][font=Bookman Old Style][b]HOW IS DOMINANCE CALCULATED?[/b][/font][/size] [list] [*]Dominance is calculated by tallying the [b]total levels exalted during the entire week by a flight[/b]. It also takes into consideration the [b]number of active lairs[/b]. [*]This means that for placing on the board, a flight needs to exalt more levels than other flights, also taking into consideration their own population size (active lairs). This is why you'll see Earth placing often in the board if no one else is pushing; they're the smallest flight with a considerable amount of players that are [i]constantly[/i] exalting fodder for profit. [/list] [size=4][font=Bookman Old Style][b]ABOUT DOM PUSHES[/b][/font][/size] [list] [*]A “push” is the name given to a flight’s coordinated effort to exalt during a certain week. There are basically two types of pushes: [b]profit pushes[/b] and [b]conquest pushes[/b]. [*]A [b][u]profit push[/u][/b] focuses more on the profit aspects of exalting than in placing in the board. The goal is to profit, and even help fill the flight’s dom bank with funds for conquests! [*]A [b][u]conquest push[/u][/b] focuses on placing on the board, often exalting at a loss. Since the goal in a conquest is to place, [i]lower levels are perfect and often encouraged[/i], as it’s fairly quick to level to 4~5 and exalt. [*]Some flights might have other sorts of pushes and nomenclatures (event push, for example), but you’ll mostly see them being referred to as either profit or conquest on OOF threads such as Dom Watch. [*]A [b]battle[/b] occurs when two flights are conquesting on the same week, directly competing against each other. [*]A [b]festival push[/b] is a special sort of conquest push; it’s the same concept of a conquest, but with the purpose of a flight getting dom for the week of their festival.[/list] [size=4][font=Bookman Old Style][b]OOF SUPPORT & IF EFFORTS[/b][/font][/size] [list] [*]OOF support can be very important for dominance. If you’ve ever been around for a push before, you might have seen events that are geared towards a flight acquiring trained dragons from other flights (such as raffles, public buys, foddart, etc). The amount of levels a flight can acquire internally with their own efforts is [i]limited[/i], so they turn their attention to getting help from OOF. Of course, this is [b]not mandatory[/b] and some flights will often conquest using little to no OOF support - that’s normal! [*]IF efforts refer to all the in-flight efforts a flight has for pumping out levels during pushes. This varies from flight to flight, so do check out your flight’s dominance boards for details on that! [*]As mentioned before, [b]OOF raffles[/b] are one of the programs pushing flights might run to acquire leveled dragons from other flights; if you’re OOF, you can level dragons and send them to receivers in exchange of treasure and tickets (sending dragons for 1t/1-way CR won’t give you money, but will usually give you more tickets!) to a raffle where you have a chance to win prizes. [*]There’s an [b]in-flight version of raffles[/b] as well, in which you’ll usually log your exalts in exchange for tickets. [i]The way this is organized will differ from flight to flight[/i], so you’ll have to check your own flight’s dom boards for details! [*][b]Public buys[/b] function exactly like OOF raffles, with the only difference being you’ll receive [i]no tickets[/i] and more money. [/list] [size=4][font=Bookman Old Style][b]COMMON ROLES AND DENOMINATIONS[/b][/font][/size] These roles may have slightly different names in other flight’s IF threads, but they basically boil down to these basic roles: [list] [*][b]Trainers[/b] are players that train dragons in the coliseum. [*][b]Suppliers[/b] are players that supply fodder for trainers. [*][b]Breeders[/b] are players that breed fodder. They can either sell them as suppliers or train them themselves. [*][b]Boarders[/b] are usually OOF people that “board” dragons in the prehoard[b]*[/b] phase of a push; they keep dragons in their lair until a push begins, commonly receiving raffle tickets as compensation. [*][b]Attendants/Receivers[/b] are people that are attending a raffle, public buy, merc receiving, etc; they’re the people that will buy and record dragons for OOF raffles! [*][b]Mercs[/b] - or mercenaries - refer to people that level dragons (usually to 4 or 5) and sell them at a much higher price to pushing flights, either on the AH or through orders coordinated between flight representatives. They’re trainers for hire, basically. You’ll need to check your own flight’s dom boards for details on how to join your flight’s merc company! [/list] [b]*[/b] [u]Prehoard[/u] is a phase of a push, often battles, where flights work on hoarding as many levels as possible in preparation. [size=4][font=Bookman Old Style][b]COOL LINKS[/b][/font][/size] [list] [*][url=https://www1.flightrising.com/forums/gde/1001338]Dominance Tracker Guide[/url] [/list]

Ranmaru

3055

September 25, 2020 11:28:26

BACK TO THE START

How to Dom

Welcome to Plague’s Learning Push’s easy dom guide! The idea of this guide is to be a quick read of important dominance aspects; at the end of this section you’ll find links to more extensive and thorough guides if you’d like to read more about dominance. This guide is organized in topics and bullet points for easier reading.

GLOSSARY

Fodder - dragons that are meant to be exalted.
Perma - short for “permanent”; these are dragons that you’re not willing to exalt, AKA permanent residents of your lair.
Trainer - if referring to a dragon: name given to a lvl 25 dragon with a build focused on training one or two fodder on high level venues.
IF - abbreviation of “in-flight”.
OOF - abbreviation of “out-of-flight”.

WHAT IS DOMINANCE

Dominance is a site mechanic that consists of Flights exalting dragons to server under their respective deities; it’s calculated every Saturday shortly before rollover, tallying the amount of levels exalted by each flight during the week.
There are rewards for the first three flights that place in the dominance board. These rewards last a week. You can check the tally anytime in this page.
Beastclans appear to place randomly/varying according to other flight’s progress. It’s currently unknown how exactly they operate! If Beastclans place first, second or third, no flight will get that spot’s bonuses, but other flights on the other top three spots will receive bonuses normally!
Dom is usually organized by volunteers in each flight, who take the lead in coordinating a flight’s efforts towards dominance. You can always check your flight's dominance discussion boards for details on this. :D
It’s safe to say dominance is a community effort! Be sure to check your flight’s dominance boards for more information on your flight’s internal dom working; plus don’t forget that you can always sign up for Dom Watch for weekly pings about who is pushing any week.

HOW IS DOMINANCE CALCULATED?

Dominance is calculated by tallying the total levels exalted during the entire week by a flight. It also takes into consideration the number of active lairs.
This means that for placing on the board, a flight needs to exalt more levels than other flights, also taking into consideration their own population size (active lairs). This is why you'll see Earth placing often in the board if no one else is pushing; they're the smallest flight with a considerable amount of players that are constantly exalting fodder for profit.

ABOUT DOM PUSHES

A “push” is the name given to a flight’s coordinated effort to exalt during a certain week. There are basically two types of pushes: profit pushes and conquest pushes.
A profit push focuses more on the profit aspects of exalting than in placing in the board. The goal is to profit, and even help fill the flight’s dom bank with funds for conquests!
A conquest push focuses on placing on the board, often exalting at a loss. Since the goal in a conquest is to place, lower levels are perfect and often encouraged, as it’s fairly quick to level to 4~5 and exalt.
Some flights might have other sorts of pushes and nomenclatures (event push, for example), but you’ll mostly see them being referred to as either profit or conquest on OOF threads such as Dom Watch.
A battle occurs when two flights are conquesting on the same week, directly competing against each other.
A festival push is a special sort of conquest push; it’s the same concept of a conquest, but with the purpose of a flight getting dom for the week of their festival.

OOF SUPPORT & IF EFFORTS

OOF support can be very important for dominance. If you’ve ever been around for a push before, you might have seen events that are geared towards a flight acquiring trained dragons from other flights (such as raffles, public buys, foddart, etc). The amount of levels a flight can acquire internally with their own efforts is limited, so they turn their attention to getting help from OOF. Of course, this is not mandatory and some flights will often conquest using little to no OOF support - that’s normal!
IF efforts refer to all the in-flight efforts a flight has for pumping out levels during pushes. This varies from flight to flight, so do check out your flight’s dominance boards for details on that!
As mentioned before, OOF raffles are one of the programs pushing flights might run to acquire leveled dragons from other flights; if you’re OOF, you can level dragons and send them to receivers in exchange of treasure and tickets (sending dragons for 1t/1-way CR won’t give you money, but will usually give you more tickets!) to a raffle where you have a chance to win prizes.
There’s an in-flight version of raffles as well, in which you’ll usually log your exalts in exchange for tickets. The way this is organized will differ from flight to flight, so you’ll have to check your own flight’s dom boards for details!
Public buys function exactly like OOF raffles, with the only difference being you’ll receive no tickets and more money.

COMMON ROLES AND DENOMINATIONS

These roles may have slightly different names in other flight’s IF threads, but they basically boil down to these basic roles:

Trainers are players that train dragons in the coliseum.
Suppliers are players that supply fodder for trainers.
Breeders are players that breed fodder. They can either sell them as suppliers or train them themselves.
Boarders are usually OOF people that “board” dragons in the prehoard* phase of a push; they keep dragons in their lair until a push begins, commonly receiving raffle tickets as compensation.
Attendants/Receivers are people that are attending a raffle, public buy, merc receiving, etc; they’re the people that will buy and record dragons for OOF raffles!
Mercs - or mercenaries - refer to people that level dragons (usually to 4 or 5) and sell them at a much higher price to pushing flights, either on the AH or through orders coordinated between flight representatives. They’re trainers for hire, basically. You’ll need to check your own flight’s dom boards for details on how to join your flight’s merc company!

* Prehoard is a phase of a push, often battles, where flights work on hoarding as many levels as possible in preparation.

COOL LINKS

Dominance Tracker Guide

___________________________________

I am trapped as the strong wind flies
And when the stars won't shine for us
Then what’s to gain?

_

Last edited on Sep 26, 2020 18:38:52 by Ranmaru

[center][url=https://www1.flightrising.com/forums/gde/2913069][color=maroon][b]BACK TO THE START[/b][/color][/url] [img]https://i.imgur.com/rnH7m93.png[/img][/center] If you’ve ever used Microsoft Excel, Google Sheets is pretty similar! Some functions and formulas have different names, but you’ll notice that lots of things are basically the same. Sheets can end up being more complex than they seem; there are many topic to cover and not enough space, so I'll be going through some of the most basic/important aspects of spreadsheet knowledge for Flight Rising uses. Some say sheets are hard to learn, but I say don't get discouraged! All it takes is a start; besides, practice makes perfect, never give up! :D [size=2]PS.: If images are too tiny, you can drag them to the tabs area/address bar in your browser (on desktop) to open them in full size![/size] [center][img]https://i.imgur.com/YwC2RHx.png[/img][/center] [size=4][font=Bookman Old Style][b]BASIC SPREADSHEET CONCEPTS[/b][/font][/size] [list] [*]This is what a new, empty spreadsheet looks like. Pretty average, right? [center][img]https://i.imgur.com/A7gW9YR.png[/img][/center] [*]You’ll notice the [b]columns[/b] are named after letters (from A to Z, and if you add one more after that it goes from AA to AZ, so on and so forth), and [b]rows[/b] are numbered from 1 to 1000. [*]This is a [b]cell[/b]. A cell is named combining a column and a row - a letter and a number. In this example, this is cell A1. If you’ve ever played [i]Battleship[/i], this is exactly the same concept. [center][img]https://i.imgur.com/slYezsH.png[/img][/center] [*]This is the function/formula bar! This is where you’ll write all the fancy formulas to code a spreadsheet. If you write something into a cell that isn’t a formula, it’ll also mirror what’s inside of said cell. [center][img]https://i.imgur.com/6SliINz.png[/img][/center] [*]This is the toolbar! You can hover the icons with your mouse to get more details and keyboard shortcuts (when available). [center][img]https://i.imgur.com/I9MKLiX.png[/img][/center] [*]And finally, this is the header area. You’ll find a link back to the main google sheets page, an area to name your document (click on [i]Unnamed spreadsheet[/i] - you can now name your sheet!) and a star to favorite your document. There’s also the [b]menus[/b], each containing several items and options. [center][img]https://i.imgur.com/4GAbvUb.png[/img][/center] [*]After you edit your sheet, you’ll notice some extra icons show up next to the name and menu. Right next to the name you’ll find an option to move your sheet to another Google Drive folder and a status that indicates if your sheet was saved or not. Next to the menu there’s a version history, that will allow you to restore previous versions of your sheet if you ever need to. [*]Lastly, you’ll notice there’s tabs on the very bottom of the page. You can make multiple tabs in a spreadsheet! The three bars will list all tabs in a sheet, including the hidden ones. [b]Right click a tab[/b] for several options, including deleting, hiding, duplicating, changing the tab’s color, etc. The plus sign next to the three bars will create a new tab. [center][img]https://i.imgur.com/PCLsKai.png[/img][/center] [*]You can double click a tab to rename it! [*]You can either double click on a cell to write or select it and start typing. [*]Formulas require a “=” in front of them to work, like this: [center][img]https://i.imgur.com/1Q8dDwo.png[/img][/center] [*]A [b]range[/b] is… Well, a range of cells! It’ll delimit an area, such as A1:C30. In this example, every cell starting from column A row 1 all the way to column C row 30 are being considered. You’ll find this very useful when dealing with formulas. [*]You can refer to cells in other tabs by writing them like this: [b]TabName!A2[/b]; if a tab name has a space in it anywhere, you’ll need to “wrap” the name in single quotes like this: [b]'Tab Name'!A2[/b]. [*]You’ll notice sometimes that some references have dollar signs ($) next to them. These are called [b]absolute references[/b] and they do not change when you copy over formulas. $A$1 means neither row or column will change when copying, $A1 keeps only column intact and A$1 keeps only row number intact. [*]You can automatically fill cells following a pattern by selecting three cells (to set a pattern), clicking on the blue square and dragging it down. [center][img]https://i.gyazo.com/0cd94e43c7878e1d73698e4cf9865708.gif[/img][/center] [*]If you do select just one cell, you'll be able to copy the cell over. [center][img]https://i.gyazo.com/c39a455555790496132dc27daad72c24.gif[/img][/center] [/list] [center][img]https://i.imgur.com/VN5trWe.png[/img][/center] [size=4][font=Bookman Old Style][b]LEARNING SOME FUNCTIONS[/b][/font][/size] There are hundreds of formulas in Google Sheets, and you’ll be able to find a complete list and guide of them [url=https://support.google.com/docs/table/25273?hl=en]here[/url]. I’ll only be listing a few of them here, some basic ones and how formulas work in general. [list] [*]Every single formula starts with “=” and is delimited by parenthesis. You’ll also be seeing a lot of double quotes and commas, as quotes are used for indicating text (or, in the case of [font=courier new]IMPORTRANGE[/font], a sheet link) and commas separate arguments. [*]Each formula will have its own arguments that are required to work; for example, [font=courier new]SUM[/font] will require at least two arguments to sum. [*][B]Basic math functions[/b] are the most basic of functions available. You can, of course, write “=1+2” to calculate 1+2 (or two cells!), but if you have a whole column to sum you’ll find it impractical to write it down manually. In that case, you can refer to a [b]range[/b]. Consider these examples: [font=courier new]=SUM(value1, value2,...)[/font] => general application of the sum function; it’ll sum values or ranges. [font=courier new]=MINUS(value1, value2)[/font] => general application of the minus function; it’ll subtract [b]two values[/b]. [font=courier new]=MULTIPLY(value1, value2)[/font] => general application of the multiply function; it’ll multiply [b]two values[/b]. [font=courier new]=DIVIDE(dividend, divisor)[/font] => general application of the divide function; it’ll divide [b]two values[/b]. [*]There are many, many more math functions, but it’d be too impractical to list them all here. You can check the link at the beginning of this section for more! [*][font=courier new][b]COUNT[/b][/font] is an interesting mathematical function as well. In short, it'll return a count of [i]something[/i]; [font=courier new]COUNT(value)[/font] will count the number of cells with numbers in it, while [font=courier new]COUNTA(value)[/font] will count the number of cells with numbers, text, formulas, etc. [font=courier new]COUNTBLANK(range)[/font] counts the number of blank cells within a range; [font=courier new]COUNTIF(condition,range)[/font] will count cells within a range if the condition is met (check the [font=courier new]IF[/font] and logical functions below for more info on the condition argument!); [font=courier new]COUNTUNIQUE(value1,[value2],...)[/font] will count unique values in a certain range or list of values.[/list] [center][img]https://i.imgur.com/YwC2RHx.png[/img][/center] [list] [*]Sheets have many [b]logical functions[/b] as well! They work similar to how they’d work on any programming language. They’ll operate on either [font=courier new]TRUE[/font] or [font=courier new]FALSE[/font]. Take a look at this example: [font=courier new]=IF(logical expression, what happens if it’s TRUE, what happens if it’s FALSE)[/font] => general application of the [font=courier new]IF[/font] function. Example: [font=courier new]"=IF(A1<>"", "A1 isn't empty", "A1 is empty")"[/font] will verify if A1 is different than null; if it is, it’ll return a text that says “A1 is empty”, and if it’s not empty it’ll return a text saying “A1 isn’t empty”. [*]These are the logical operators for Sheets: [font=courier new]<>[/font] (different than), [font=courier new]<[/font] (less than), [font=courier new]>[/font] (greater than), [font=courier new]<=[/font] (less or equal to), [font=courier new]>=[/font] (greater or equal to), [font=courier new]=[/font] (equal to). [*]Other functions: [font=courier new]AND[/font] will verify if two logical expressions are [font=courier new]TRUE[/font]; [font=courier new]OR[/font] will verify if one of two of the expressions is [font=courier new]TRUE[/font]. You can also stack them, as well as any other formula, like this example: [font=courier new]=IF(AND(A1<>"", A2<>""), "Both A1 and A2 are NOT empty", "Either A1 or A2 is empty")[/font] These logical functions work a bit similar to logical functions in programming languages. Here’s a table of the values Sheets logical functions will return, for reference: [center][img]https://i.imgur.com/KTAj3TG.png[/img][/center] Try it out! [/list]

Ranmaru

3055

September 25, 2020 11:28:34

BACK TO THE START

If you’ve ever used Microsoft Excel, Google Sheets is pretty similar! Some functions and formulas have different names, but you’ll notice that lots of things are basically the same.

Sheets can end up being more complex than they seem; there are many topic to cover and not enough space, so I'll be going through some of the most basic/important aspects of spreadsheet knowledge for Flight Rising uses. Some say sheets are hard to learn, but I say don't get discouraged! All it takes is a start; besides, practice makes perfect, never give up! :D

PS.: If images are too tiny, you can drag them to the tabs area/address bar in your browser (on desktop) to open them in full size!

BASIC SPREADSHEET CONCEPTS

This is what a new, empty spreadsheet looks like. Pretty average, right?
You’ll notice the columns are named after letters (from A to Z, and if you add one more after that it goes from AA to AZ, so on and so forth), and rows are numbered from 1 to 1000.
This is a cell. A cell is named combining a column and a row - a letter and a number. In this example, this is cell A1. If you’ve ever played Battleship, this is exactly the same concept.
This is the function/formula bar! This is where you’ll write all the fancy formulas to code a spreadsheet. If you write something into a cell that isn’t a formula, it’ll also mirror what’s inside of said cell.
This is the toolbar! You can hover the icons with your mouse to get more details and keyboard shortcuts (when available).
And finally, this is the header area. You’ll find a link back to the main google sheets page, an area to name your document (click on Unnamed spreadsheet - you can now name your sheet!) and a star to favorite your document. There’s also the menus, each containing several items and options.
After you edit your sheet, you’ll notice some extra icons show up next to the name and menu. Right next to the name you’ll find an option to move your sheet to another Google Drive folder and a status that indicates if your sheet was saved or not. Next to the menu there’s a version history, that will allow you to restore previous versions of your sheet if you ever need to.
Lastly, you’ll notice there’s tabs on the very bottom of the page. You can make multiple tabs in a spreadsheet! The three bars will list all tabs in a sheet, including the hidden ones. Right click a tab for several options, including deleting, hiding, duplicating, changing the tab’s color, etc. The plus sign next to the three bars will create a new tab.
You can double click a tab to rename it!
You can either double click on a cell to write or select it and start typing.
Formulas require a “=” in front of them to work, like this:
A range is… Well, a range of cells! It’ll delimit an area, such as A1:C30. In this example, every cell starting from column A row 1 all the way to column C row 30 are being considered. You’ll find this very useful when dealing with formulas.
You can refer to cells in other tabs by writing them like this: TabName!A2; if a tab name has a space in it anywhere, you’ll need to “wrap” the name in single quotes like this: 'Tab Name'!A2.
You’ll notice sometimes that some references have dollar signs ($) next to them. These are called absolute references and they do not change when you copy over formulas. $A$1 means neither row or column will change when copying, $A1 keeps only column intact and A$1 keeps only row number intact.
You can automatically fill cells following a pattern by selecting three cells (to set a pattern), clicking on the blue square and dragging it down.
If you do select just one cell, you'll be able to copy the cell over.

LEARNING SOME FUNCTIONS

There are hundreds of formulas in Google Sheets, and you’ll be able to find a complete list and guide of them here. I’ll only be listing a few of them here, some basic ones and how formulas work in general.

Every single formula starts with “=” and is delimited by parenthesis. You’ll also be seeing a lot of double quotes and commas, as quotes are used for indicating text (or, in the case of IMPORTRANGE, a sheet link) and commas separate arguments.
Each formula will have its own arguments that are required to work; for example, SUM will require at least two arguments to sum.
Basic math functions are the most basic of functions available. You can, of course, write “=1+2” to calculate 1+2 (or two cells!), but if you have a whole column to sum you’ll find it impractical to write it down manually. In that case, you can refer to a range. Consider these examples:

=SUM(value1, value2,...) => general application of the sum function; it’ll sum values or ranges.
=MINUS(value1, value2) => general application of the minus function; it’ll subtract two values.
=MULTIPLY(value1, value2) => general application of the multiply function; it’ll multiply two values.
=DIVIDE(dividend, divisor) => general application of the divide function; it’ll divide two values.
There are many, many more math functions, but it’d be too impractical to list them all here. You can check the link at the beginning of this section for more!
COUNT is an interesting mathematical function as well. In short, it'll return a count of something; COUNT(value) will count the number of cells with numbers in it, while COUNTA(value) will count the number of cells with numbers, text, formulas, etc. COUNTBLANK(range) counts the number of blank cells within a range; COUNTIF(condition,range) will count cells within a range if the condition is met (check the IF and logical functions below for more info on the condition argument!); COUNTUNIQUE(value1,[value2],...) will count unique values in a certain range or list of values.

Sheets have many logical functions as well! They work similar to how they’d work on any programming language. They’ll operate on either TRUE or FALSE. Take a look at this example:

=IF(logical expression, what happens if it’s TRUE, what happens if it’s FALSE) => general application of the IF function. Example: "=IF(A1<>"", "A1 isn't empty", "A1 is empty")" will verify if A1 is different than null; if it is, it’ll return a text that says “A1 is empty”, and if it’s not empty it’ll return a text saying “A1 isn’t empty”.
These are the logical operators for Sheets: <> (different than), < (less than), > (greater than), <= (less or equal to), >= (greater or equal to), = (equal to).
Other functions: AND will verify if two logical expressions are TRUE; OR will verify if one of two of the expressions is TRUE. You can also stack them, as well as any other formula, like this example:

=IF(AND(A1<>"", A2<>""), "Both A1 and A2 are NOT empty", "Either A1 or A2 is empty")

These logical functions work a bit similar to logical functions in programming languages. Here’s a table of the values Sheets logical functions will return, for reference:

Try it out!

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I am trapped as the strong wind flies
And when the stars won't shine for us
Then what’s to gain?

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Last edited on Sep 26, 2020 22:35:11 by Ranmaru

[center][url=https://www1.flightrising.com/forums/gde/2913069][color=maroon][b]BACK TO THE START[/b][/color][/url] [img]https://i.imgur.com/VN5trWe.png[/img][/center] [list] [*]You have probably seen IMPORTRANGE before. This is used to [b]import values from a range of cells in another sheet[/B]. It’s used like this: [font=courier new]=IMPORTRANGE("sheet link in quotes", "SheetTabName!A2:A3")[/font] [*][B][font=courier new]ARRAYFORMULA[/font][/b] is a [i]very useful[/i] function. It allows you to output a range instead of a single cell, as well as use array formulas in non-array cells. It sounds complicated, so I’ll use some examples to make it easier to understand: Let’s say I want to calculate how much treasure I earned each day of the week. I made a very simple table in a spreadsheet to do so. I can use a non-array formula (AKA a formula that will display only a single cell as a result) and copy it over to other cells. [center][img]https://i.imgur.com/jPiguxx.png[/img][/center] But that requires [i]work[/i] and I’m not feeling up to it right now. The solution? Using [font=courier new]ARRAYFORMULA[/font]. [center][img]https://i.imgur.com/dIRyUFp.png[/img][/center] Notice the formula in the formula bar. I went ahead and also made the cells into ranges, to cover the entire column. However, you notice a bunch of zeros showing up, right? If I add more values below, those zeros will become sums; but if not, they’ll just stay there. A way to fix that is using an [font=courier new]IF[/font] formula combined with [font=courier new]ARRAYFORMULA[/font], like this: [center][img]https://i.imgur.com/0mwGmBx.png[/img][/center] That [font=courier new]IF[/font] formula is set to check if a cell in the A column has been filled. If it has, it’ll return the argument that [font=courier new]ARRAYFORMULA[/font] will use to calculate the daily total! Otherwise it’ll return a blank, and the cell remains blank. [*] You can use [b][font=courier new]ARRAYFORMULA[/font] with text as well[/b]. Look at this example: [center][img]https://i.imgur.com/fsa80vG.png[/img][/center] Instead of using [font=courier new]CONCATENATE[/font] for every single row, I used [font=courier new]ARRAYFORMULA[/font]. “&” can be used to “join” arguments! And, similarly to how I did in the example before, it’s possible to use an [font=courier new]IF[/font] to detect if a cell is empty or not. [center][img]https://i.imgur.com/BoP4Qzh.png[/img][/center] Notice that this formula returns a space after the username… You’ll know why it’s there in a minute. :) [*]There are [b]text functions[/b] as well! One of the most common ones is [font=courier new]CONCATENATE[/font]. Concatenate is used to make several arguments into a single text string; if you’ve seen a self-editing pinglist before, a mix of [font=courier new]ARRAYFORMULA[/font] and [font=courier new]CONCATENATE[/font] is a way to make a very simple pinglist. You'll see an example of this on the next bullet point. [font=courier new]=CONCATENATE("first value", "second value",...)[/font] => general application of the concatenate function You can mix and mash between strings (text) and cells/ranges, like this: [font=courier new]=CONCATENATE("This is the first string ", B3, " and this is the second string. Here’s a range: ", D4:F59) [/font] [*]By combining [font=courier new]ARRAYFORMULA[/font] and [font=courier new]CONCATENATE[/font] it’s possible to very easily make a pinglist with little to no effort. Simply use [font=courier new]CONCATENATE[/font] to concatenate a column of pings, like this: [center][img]https://i.imgur.com/ge8Fx2d.png[/img][/center] [*][font=courier new][b]UNIQUE[/b][/font] will return the unique items in a range. It's used like [font=courier new]=UNIQUE(range)[/font] and it'll list only unique values [b]once[/b]. It [b]differentiates between uppercase and lowercase[/b], so if you write "banana" and "Banana" each will be considered a different and unique item. [*][b][font=courier new]PROPER[/font][/b] will automatically capitalize the first letter in each word of a string. If you have a cell with "banana" written in it and use [font=courier new]PROPER[/font] it'll return "Banana". [*][b][font=courier new]TRIM[/font][/b] will remove repeating elements in a text. It can be used to automatically trim extra spaces before/after texts. It's used like [font=courier new]=TRIM(text/single cell/value)[/font]. [*][FONT=COURIER NEW][b]FILTER[/b][/font] will filter a single row or column according to a condition. Example: [center][img]https://i.imgur.com/HHYwM5v.png[/img][/center] In the example, [font=courier new]FILTER[/font] is being used to filter out any empty cells. [font=courier new]NOT(ISBLANK(A2:A13))[/font] means, basically, that it'll return cells that are not blank. If I wanted to filter out cells that are filled, I'd leave it as [font=courier new]ISBLANK(A2:A13)[/font][/list] [center][img]https://i.imgur.com/YwC2RHx.png[/img][/center] [list] [*]Finally, [b][font=courier new]QUERY[/font][/b] is one of the most powerful functions embedded in Google Sheets. It runs a Google Visualization API Query Language query across data. It’s formatted like this: [font=courier new]=QUERY(data to be queried, “query”)[/font] The query is written in [b]Google’s API Query Language[/b], which you can learn more about [url=https://developers.google.com/chart/interactive/docs/querylanguage]here[/url]. The query is [i]always[/i] written wrapped in quotations. [*]A visual example of [font=courier new]QUERY[/font]; let’s say I am writing a sheet to keep track of items I have in stock. I am using a tab named “Current Stock”. [center][img]https://i.imgur.com/7HOlv4O.png[/img][/center] In another tab, I want to generate a list of items that are in stock and items that need to be restocked. I’ll use [font=courier new]QUERY[/font] to do that. The first list will tell me which items are not in stock. [center][img]https://i.imgur.com/90H0JkN.png[/img][/center] Watch the formula; the range is being imported from the “Current Stock” tab, it’s looking at the entire thing (names and stock numbers) to be able to query them. The “query” argument is wrapped in quotes! Notice that in this case I’m using a “Select x where y” type of argument. What this means is [font=courier new]QUERY[/font] will select and display [b]x column/cell[/b] where [b]y condition[/b] is met. In this example, it’ll select the A cells in which B equals zero [i]in the same row[/i]. I can do the same to list items that [i]are[/i] in stock. [center][img]https://i.imgur.com/KYFEvfy.png[/img][/center] [*]You can also order and group and do even more! [url=https://support.google.com/docs/answer/3093343]This page[/url] from Google support has more details and examples, if you’re interested in learning more. [font=courier new]QUERY[/font] is not hard to learn; it just gets a little bit complicated because of [i]all of the options it offers[/i]. Try it out![/list] [center][img]https://i.imgur.com/VN5trWe.png[/img][/center] [size=4][font=Bookman Old Style][b]ERRORS[/b][/font][/size] [list] [*]Errors will always show up as [b]red triangles on the corner of a cell[/b]. Whenever you spot a triangle, regardless of its color, you can hover your mouse over it to read what it says. [*][font=courier new][b]N/A[/b][/font] will display when a result is [b]not available[/b]. This means the return is "empty" or nothing matches the criteria of a formula. [*][font=courier new][b]REF![/b][/font] will show up whenever a reference is missing or wrong. [*][font=courier new][b]DIV/0![/b][/font] is a self-explanatory error. It happens if you try to divide by zero or an empty cell. [*][font=courier new][b]VALUE![/b][/font] shows up whenever you apply a math function and one of the values is a string instead of a number. [*][font=courier new][b]NAME?[/b][/font] is an error that commonly shows up when Google can't find a named range or a named sheet. [*][font=courier new][b]NUM![/b][/font] shows up when there's a numerical error in an argument.

Ranmaru